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- Memory
- ------
-
- Former versions of Pasokon TV were rather picky about
- memory requirements. Since it was an old fashioned "16 bit"
- application, it used the computer in "virtual 8086" mode.
-
- This meant it could address only one megabyte of memory
- directly and had to worry about the 640K "conventional"
- memory limit and go through contortions to shuffle information
- in and out of "extended" memory. Memory managers, such
- as EMM386 -- and especially QEMM -- added more overhead to
- Input/Output (I/O) operations and interrupt processing.
- It was not uncommon for the "machine too slow" message to
- pop up on a '486 when a '286, without a memory manager,
- was plenty fast.
-
- Pasokon TV version 3 shatters these barriers to take full
- advantage of the 32 bit architecture, virtual memory, and
- other features of '386 and later processors.
-
-
- Image Size
- ----------
-
- Version 2 used images of 320 x 240 pixels with 32,000 colors
- for a total of about 150K memory for each image.
-
- Version 3 uses images of 640 x 480 pixels with more than 16
- million colors for a total of almost a megabyte per image.
- How can we store 10 images on a machine with only 8 Meg of
- memory?
-
-
- Virtual Memory
- --------------
-
- Instead of being limited to the amount of physical memory
- available, Pasokon TV can act as if more is available.
- When there is not enough physical memory available, portions
- of the program and data which have not been used recently
- are swapped out to disk. For best results you will
- want 8 megabytes of memory but it might be possible to get
- along with 4. You will just notice more disk activity and
- some operations will be slower because more information
- needs to be shuffled in and out of limited memory. The
- amount of "virtual" memory is limited by the amount of free
- disk space.
-
-
- Out of Memory Error
- -------------------
-
- This is not talking about physical memory or RAM chips in the
- computer. Instead it means there is not enough free disk
- available for swapping. You should have at least 16 megabytes
- of free disk space when running Pasokon TV.
-
-
- Disk Space
- ----------
-
- When you start up Pasokon TV, it looks around for a suitable
- place to create a temporary file for swapping. The search
- order is:
-
- 1. Use directory specified by TEMP variable.
- 2. Use directory specified by TMP variable.
- 3. Search drives C: up until an invalid one is found.
- Use the one with the most free space.
-
- The first two may require some explanation. Many programs
- create temporary files for various reasons and usually delete
- them when finished. Generally these will put them in the
- directory specified by the TEMP or TMP variable which is
- usually set in the AUTOEXEC.BAT file. For example:
-
- SET TEMP=C:\TEMP
- SET TMP=C:\TEMP
-
- Be sure there is a directory by this name:
-
- CD \
- MKDIR TEMP
-
- You can examine the values of variables by simply typing
- the "SET" command.
-
- After running various applications for a while you might
- notice a lot of files in the temp directory that were not
- cleaned up. When you run low on disk space, you might want
- to look in the temp directory and delete all the files
- found there.
-
- One person I talked to had the TEMP variable pointing to
- the C:\DOS directory. This is a very bad idea. Temporary
- files mixed in with operating system files makes it very
- difficult to delete the unneeded temp files without
- disturbing other files. If the TMP and TEMP variables
- point to a special directory that is used ONLY for temp
- files, you can delete all the files in that directory
- occasionally without fear of wiping out something
- important.
-
- If you turn off the computer while Pasokon TV is running, or
- if it hangs or crashes, the temp file might not be deleted.
- Do this a few times and a lot of free disk space will
- disappear.
-
-
- Disk Maintenance
- ----------------
-
- There are certain tasks you should do occasionally (perhaps
- once every few weeks) to keep your disk drive in good shape.
-
- 1. Virus Checker.
-
- Computer viruses are programs that attach themselves
- to other programs, spread to other programs, and often
- do nasty things to your computer.
-
- Commercial products, in the original sealed package,
- are usually quite safe because the manufacturers are
- generally very careful about protecting their systems
- from viruses. The biggest danger is in free software
- found on random bulletin boards or other places because
- you have no idea where it came or what happened to it
- along the way. Even if the original was clean, it may
- have become infected later.
-
- Before installing any new non-commercial software,
- be sure to check it for viruses. MS-DOS 6 includes
- a virus checker called MSAV. You might want to
- purchase another one from a different company. New
- viruses are being created all the time and it can't
- hurt to have multiple virus checkers that look for
- different types of clues.
-
- 2. File System Checker.
-
- If a program terminates abnormally while writing a file,
- that disk space can disappear. That's because it was
- removed from the free space list but not yet associated
- with a particular file.
-
- If the power is turned off at the wrong time, the disk
- can be left in an inconsistent state.
-
- MS-DOS 6 includes a program called SCANDISK which
- examines a file system for problems and fixes them.
- In Windows 95 run it by clicking on the Start button
- and choosing Programs -> Accessories -> System Tools.
- Click on ScanDisk.
-
- Run this more often if you have problems with
- programs crashing or a power failure which can
- cause file system corruption.
-
- 3. Defragmentation.
-
- On a new disk, all the files are adjacent and all the
- free space is in one big contiguous region. This is
- good.
-
- As time goes on, and many files are created and deleted,
- the free space is in little chunks all over the place
- rather than gathered together. What this means is that
- a new file will have little pieces scattered all over
- the place. It is much faster to access complete adjacent
- tracks on a disk drive instead of bouncing all the over
- the place for little pieces here and there.
-
- Performance can be improved by running a defragmentation
- program. Be sure to run SCANDISK first. In MS-DOS 6
- this is called DEFRAG. In Windows 95, click on the
- Start button and then choose Programs -> Accessories ->
- System Tools. Click on Disk Defragmenter.
-
-